Yiruma free essay sample

Hiram is the stage name of I Our-ma (born February 15, 1978), a popular internationally known pianist and composer from South Korea. The name Walrus means l shall achieve In Korean. Walrus frequently performs at sold-out concerts In Asia, Europe and North America. His Alma Mater Kings College in England helped him gain European popularity and recognition. Several of his most popular pieces include, River Flows in You, Kiss the Rain, and May Be. His most popular album First Love was released in 2001.He began playing the piano at the age of five, and Ovid to London when he was 11, in 1988, to study at The Purcell School of Music. He possessed dual citizenship of South Korea and the united Kingdom until 2006, when he gave up his UK citizenship to serve in the Navy of South Korea. Contents [hide] * 1 Biography * 2 Musical style * 3 Personal life * 3. 1 Family and spouse * 4 Albums * 4. 1 Studio albums * 4. We will write a custom essay sample on Yiruma or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 2 Special albums * 4. 3 Live albums * 4. 4 Movie soundtracks * 5 Compilations * 6 References I [Biography Lee Our-ma was born in South Korea and was raised and educated in England.Hiram Egan playing the piano at the age of five, and subsequently moved to London at the age of eleven (1 988), to study at The Purcell School of Music. In December 1 996 he participated in the album The Musicians of Purcell (Decca). Graduating from Purcell School of Music in July 1997, Hiram continued his musical aspirations and completed a Composition major from Kings College London in June 2000. While studying at Kings College, this promising pianist released his first album Love Scene through DECCA records.Additionally, during his time in college, he participated In a casual tour In Europe. Making a historical Impact for his country, Walrus was the first Korean artist to receive an Invitation to perform at the 2002 MIMED In Cannes, France. Early in his career, his albums were released in Europe and Asia, they are now available Internationally through various online sources such as tunes, Amazon, and Yardmans recording label STOMP Records. In 2001 he released his most popular album to date, First Love.His #1 selling piece River Flows in You was on this album and since 2001 this piece has been released on two other albums (First Love Repackaged] and Wedding Essentials: The Ceremony) Hiram released his third album, From The Yellow Room In 2003. Pre-order sales topped 30,000 copies and the album was top-ranked on many popular music charts, including Yeses, Phonon, and Hot Tracks. His 1 2-city Korean tour was a sellout, as well as his November concert at the Seoul National Arts Center. His fourth album is POE-MUSIC. In 2006, the following year, he composed a main theme piece for a popular KBPS drama, Spring Waltz. In his fifth album, h. L. S monologue, he utilized prepared Plano. Hiram has composed untracked for musicals, films and plays. While being Internationally successful In the world music industry, Hiram dutifully decided to fulfill his South Korean patriotic duty of serving his country. Hence, in 2006 he gave up his British citizenship and enlisted in the Korean Navy. Upon completing his service in the Korean Ana, he began the 2008 Hiram Come Back Tour, Rebounded, in 20 cities across Korea.Additionally, on January 1, 2009, he became a DC for KBPS FM Walruss Music from All Around the World. [l] Musical style many listeners who are not familiar with classical music, the solo piano instrumentation and tendency toward movements often leads to labels like new classical or contemporary classical. However, although his composition studies would have included the classics, neither the structure of his pieces nor his technique as a pianist are heavily influenced by them.His music has sometimes been classified vaguely as popular, as shown by the inclusion of his hit piece River Flows in You on a compilation of wedding pieces titled Wedding Essentials: The Ceremony . [2] According to the tunes Store, he is actually considered a World Music[3] or New Age artist. For the actual structure of his music, the movement and reach required to play his pieces average s around Grade 7 by Royal Conservatory standards. Pattern and repetition feature prominently, however, making the structure more like popular pieces or movie themes than traditional solo piano compositions.Yardmans pieces are also heavy in simple melody and rhythm, making them immediately attractive to many modern ears. Family and spouse Hiram married Son Hey-elm on May 27, 2007. [4] The piece 27. May is about his marriage to Son Hey-elm. Son Hey-elms younger sister is the Korean actress Son Tea Young, who attended Yardmans concert with her husband, Swoon Sang-Woo (*RE?) (a famous actor in Korea),[5] while she was pregnant. On his spiritual viewpoint, Hiram has stated, Im Christian, and I am not a New-age artist. Most people misunderstand me. In his album H. I. S Monologue (2006), the artist composed a piece titled, Lord Hold my Hand. [6] 2001 Love Scene * 2001 First Love * 2003 From The Yellow Room * 2005 Destiny of Love * 2005 poems * 2006 H. I. S. Monologue * 2008 P. N. O. N. I Special albums * 2004 Nocturnal Lights They Scatter This album was released on August 5, 2004 and is an exploratory album for the artist. Differentiating itself from Yardmans previous albums, Hiram experiments with electronic music of various genres.The name expresses his concept for the overall feeling of this album. The image of scattering lights in the night sky is reflected in his use of electronic noises to accompany his piano tinkling. Those who classify Hiram in a certain genre were surprised by this album, he is not simply a New Age Romantic pianist. On this album, four of the pieces are composed with electric music and four are piano. These concepts had been previously introduced yet Hiram fully expresses his desire to experiment in this album.Consistently throughout the album, the electronic vibe is present, hence the pieces flow together pleasantly. Live albums * 2005 Yttrium: Live at WHOM Art Hall Released on July 12, 2005, this album includes the recordings for many of his sold out concerts performed at WHOM Art Hall. Yardmans many fans include his enthusiastic female followers, young students and their parents, and older fans who find his USIA soothing and inspirational. His melodies on this album are comforting and molding his music together into a pleasing arrangement. Audiences receive a Unwelcome break from hectic daily lives by relaxing to Yardmans calming pieces. This album contains Yardmans performances during 2003-2004 tours, his sold out solo concerts, and charitable school concerts. Hiram performed pieces from his albums:Love Scene, First Love, From the Yellow Room, Oasis Hiram, and Doggy Poop COST. These live performances were recorded by KBPS using HAD cameras ND maintaining the highest quality to ensure fans can actually see Yardmans facial expressions and witness his lightning fast fingers dance on the piano.Movie soundtracks * 2002 Oasis and Hiram In his 3rd album released on June 20, 2002, Hiram composes a soundtrack for the movie Oasis directed by Lee Change. In this album, the audience is invited to feel the emotions of the actors while watching a visual expression of their love. Yardmans second soundtrack for the Childrens film Doggy Poop COST was released on December 17, 2002. By far the most popular track on this album is Dream. Yiruma free essay sample There are few in this current, modern world who truly understand and communicate music like Yiruma. Starting his phenomenal musical career from the age of five, the Korean Yiruma proves to be a one-of-a-kind pianist. The many unique pieces by the remarkable pianist are individual works of art in every shape and form, as the music touches the listener in almost every possible way. There is a piece for every serene feeling inside of us: from love, to hope, to sadness. Yiruma’s moving music has been spread across Asia, Europe, and the United States. The earliest album was released in two thousand-one. This album was called Love Scene and it contained songs like â€Å"Looking Back† and â€Å"Sunny Rain,† though this album was not the most popular of the several albums he released. The more famous songs came later, these being â€Å"River Flows in You,† on the First Love album and â€Å"Kiss the Rain,† on the From the Yellow Room album. We will write a custom essay sample on Yiruma or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page His music is today still widely appreciated as magical and eternally magnificent, as every note holds the listener until the very end. Yiruma’s pieces are definitely recommended to anyone who desires music without a pulsating bass line or a screeching vocalist and wants a new kind of way to listen to piano music. On a more personal level, I have listened to almost every piece by this miraculous composer, and I still feel a different emotion every time the first few notes are played. There are still times when I will be listening to one of his songs and I will begin to feel emotional. His music expresses what we, at times, cannot. I, being a writer, sometimes play one of his songs for inspiration, when I find that it provides me with one that is so incredibly profound that I cannot put it into words. The messages that Yiruma selects as the basis for his pieces are true and human, but the way that he fits them into the world of music is stimulating and moving. If you choose to listen to one of Yiruma’s wonderful works I assure you never again will you experience music the same way. In the back of your head, Yiruma will remind you of the magic you heard. You’ll never again feel the same way about Bach.

Hemp A Crop with no future for this society essays

Hemp A Crop with no future for this society essays Hemp: A Crop With no Future For This Society Throughout many areas of the United States a small, slender plant can be found growing in the wild. It is commonly referred to as hemp. Hemp is a plant that comes from the Cannabis sativa family. Hemp looks strikingly similar to marijuana and can very easily be mistaken for it, but these two plants are far from being the same. The major difference between the two is that hemp contains no chemicals that produce the same euphoric effect produced by marijuana. The plants growing in the wild are the descendants of those that at one time were grown in abundance on many farms. For generations hemp has been grown, cultivated and processed into many useful products in the United States. The uses for hemp were numerous and the profit from this crop was higher then that of most other cash crops. Today, in the United States growing hemp is illegal in almost every state. The possibility of reintroducing hemp cultivation in the United States is something that is now being debated in se veral state legislatures and in the United States Congress. There is a rather large movement pushing for the repeal of laws that prevent this crop from being grown. Hemp cultivation cannot and should not be reintroduced in the United States. Hemp may have served a useful purpose in the past, but there is no place for it in today's society. Two major problems will arise from the cultivation of this plant. Law enforcement agencies will struggle to fight drug trafficking. Because fields of marijuana and hemp are almost completely indistinguishable, measures would have to be taken to protect the rights of those practicing hemp cultivation. This would slow down the efforts of those whose job it is to thwart domestic growth of the illegal drug. Also, allowing hemp cultivation would open a large market for hemp to be used in cooking products and foods. This would cause major problems for employers, in that d...

ACCOR STRATEGY OF EXPANSION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

ACCOR STRATEGY OF EXPANSION - Essay Example The corporate strategies of various organizations. In addition to this, a few corporate strategies structured by well organizations around the world. The focus then shifted towards, the element of information technology and its significance along with the impact that it has over the corporation. The strategic impact of information technology, the actual strategy development, the importance of information technology all were topics mainly discussed within the literature review. Our findings within the literature review helped us deduce the facts that the SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) is a well recognized technique of thinking perilously with reference to a business. Business, its assets, with its situation. Carrying out an investigation of this kind is a fine way to evaluate a business along with its marketplaces; it can besides this support the prospective investors choose on the fact, whether their investment dollars are well invested or not. SWOT analysis is basically concerning the extrapolation of what the corporation does best , how can the corporation be sure that it progresses , whether you are availing the prospects surrounding the corporation or identifying if there are any threats , weaknesses or opportunities that they have around them . Once they are aware they can put together their corporate policy and its provisions. Thus it would not be wrong to deduce the fact that a SWOT analysis helps organizations id entify technological advances, union of corporations, or else the fickleness of the suppliers that call for analogous variation within the industry. This literature review has further directed our focus on the basic rationales behind a behind SWOT analysis, and has also opened the discussions to avenues discussing how this Analysis can be successfully carried out. SWOT Analysis is deemed by experts as being one of the most efficient diagnostic tools to guess a

Change Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Change Project - Essay Example Emotion or  affect  is the  method  in humanistic psychology that recognizes feelings and the  consideration  that results to transformations in performance and  cognition. A person realizes the need to change when something happens. This is a practical  proof  that works for individuals, healthy  family  growth  and couples. There are several behavioral forms. Change of behavior  is widely investigated  and  is applied  for parenting method. A person should  cease  the behavior and begin to work directly on  transformation. Regarding thoughts  technique, there should be  motivation  that originates from the inside because the  secret  to  achievement  is within each and  everyone. If a person has  positive  faith and  devotion  to what they do,  subsequently  things work out in a positive way. In system technique, a person needs to be  optimistic  to  attain  what he wants. Support from family is  essential  for a persons’  achievement  because  system  change involves the whole system and not just an  individual. Culture plays a crucial role when initiating change. Working against  predominant  customs will make attaining  transformation  harder, but working with it and identifying fundamental forces can  aid  ease  change. Reaction to  modification  when change  is forced  is  constantly  difficult  (Whitbourne, 2010).Reference Whitbourne, S. K. (2010). Beginnings: Psychological Perspectives on Four Types of Change. Retrieved October 19, 2011, from Psychology Today:

The historical progression of African Americans Research Paper

The historical progression of African Americans - Research Paper Example Slavery and servitude was all they had ever known. The outcome of that was many Blacks sought to recreate their lives in freedom. Some found the means to open up a business or work as a free labourer. That did not mean however, the people of Southern states accepted them as their equals. Even though many Blacks sought to live a free life and in practical aspects they did, they were also forced to deal with segregation. White people who were angry about the abolition of slavery (especially in the Southern states) declared that Black people could only enter certain shops, streets, and they had to attend their own schools. They were often detained and held for questioning by prejudiced officials even in Northern towns (Volo & Volo, 2007). Black people sought to try and live their lives with as much dignity as possible, but they faced many barriers as a direct result of emancipation. The old prejudices that ran deep in American society were not going to be erased so easily, and the practical matter of integrating Black people into American society would take well over a century. As a result, many Black people remained extremely poor. They also faced lynchings, angry mobs and outright prejudice in many aspects of their lives. The people of the Southern states felt that abolition of slavery had been forced on them, and they were not going to be forced into integration. As a result of emancipation, Black people were free. They were not equal and would not be for a long time. In the period of 1877-1920 America moved through what some historians refer to as 'The Gilded Age'. It was a period of tremendous economic growth and technological innovation. For many African Americans who had lived their entire lives on a farm or in a rural area, the push towards greater urbanization represented a new trend in their lives after emancipation. Those who continued to live on plantations and work the land were free by proclamation but not in practicality. Plantation owners continued to be very angry about emancipation. One of the key issues they faced was the loss of the protection of Union troops who withdrew from Southern states in 1877. This forced African Americans to face the new reality that many White Americans were not happy about abolition and would not be subdued so easily. In addition, there was a great deal of immigration to the US at this time which brought people of many new cultures to the US. There were many Americans who were unhappy about this as the y saw them as outsiders and not real Americans (Mjagkij & Cantu, 1999). The African Americans were often perceived of as outsiders as well. Prejudice continued to run high as many Americans felt their country was being taken away from them. African Americans often faced lynchings and other horrific acts of prejudice against them. Mjagkij and Cantu (1999) noted that even though they were free from slavery many African Americans had no place to go and many Southern plantation owners no longer wanted them. The unfortunate reality is that they remained economically dependent on Whites and the work they could give them. A major blow during this period was the passing of the Jim Crow laws which basically recognized that American society was to be a segregated

Timber frame and masonry construction

Timber frame and masonry construction Modern construction comes in many forms, from traditional masonry, to precast concrete, to steel, and in recent times timber frame construction. Timber frame and masonry construction are very similar looking buildings. Over the last thirty years in Ireland the main type used in domestic dwelling was masonry construction which consists of block inner leaf, cavity, insulation and a block outer leaf, externally finished normally with a brick or plaster rendered block. Over the last twelve years timber frame construction has grown to account for nearly forty percent of the market. Timber frame construction consists of an off site engineered building which arrives to site and the pieces are assembled to complete the unit. The external finish is similarly to masonry with brick or plaster rendered block. The reason for chosen this topic is to find why this change occurred. The purpose of this dissertation is to examine the Irish housing market over the last number of years, also to find out the reasons for timber frame construction becoming more popular. Aim To find out why the trend of building domestic housing in Ireland has changed from masonry construction to timber frame construction. Objectives * To investigate the Irish housing market and find reasons for the trend change from masonry construction to timber frame construction. * To examine the reasons why timber frame construction has grown to the level it has over masonry construction. * To examine the views of homeowners and property developers towards timber frame construction. Literature Review The primary data will be sourced from RGU database, Internet sites, RGU books and journals. Relevant Irish government reports and websites will also be looked at to gain an unbiased view. Also the views of the construction agencies in Ireland will be explored. Research and methodology The author plans on doing a comparison of the two construction types in order to achieve reasons for the shift in trend. The brief comparison case studies will include cost, time, heat and energy of both types of construction. Questionnaires Questionnaires provided the primary research for this dissertation. The author shall do up one and give it out to relevant homeowners and property developers to gain an insight into their views. By doing this the author will find out the market potential of timber frame construction. Structure of Dissertation Chapter One This chapter explains the title of the dissertation, introduces the motivations and gives a background for the reasons for choosing this topic. The author explains to the reader the aim and objectives of the dissertation and how they are going to be achieved. Chapter Two The literature review will investigate in trend in Irish construction. Current construction agencies reports will be looked to try and gain an insight to the change in trend. The author feels that this will achieve the first objection of this dissertation. Chapter Three This chapter will investigate the two building options with regard to cost, time, heat and energy. This will be done by a number of interviews and case studies. Areas looked at will be construction cost and life cycle costs. Also will include a case study of both types of construction where U-Values and Building Energy Rating will be achieved and assessed to gain an insight into why the trend shifted. The author feels that this will achieve the second objection of this dissertation. Chapter Four This chapter the opinions and views of homeowners and property developers towards timber frame construction and masonry construction are explored by means of a questionnaire. The author feels this will achieve the third objection of the dissertation. Chapter Five In this finally chapter the conclusion provides a brief summary of the finding of the preceding chapters. Literature Review Background Over 70% of home in the developed world are timber frame homes. 60% of Scottish new dwelling are timber frame and over all in the United Kingdom timber frame accounts for 15% of new homes. Ireland is slowly following our neighbours. Over the last ten year Ireland had been experiencing a construction boom. Housing units been completed in 2000 being 49,812 units growing to 62,686 in 2003, peaking in 2006 with 82,980 unit completed. After 2006 the housing market in Ireland started to fall, numbers of units being built in 2007 being 71,356 continuing to fall in 2008 as 48,151 units and continuing to fall in 2009. (Central Statistics Office Ireland 2008) Many housing estates and apartment blocks had been popping up in every city, town and village mainly around the computer belt around the capital city of Ireland Dublin. Then slowly the rest of the country following. In 1992 timber frame construction account for only 5% of the new dwelling market. Since then it has grown to enormous levels to account for 30% of total housing construction nationally (Construction Industry Federation 2009). Typical these building were constructed by masonry construction, this consisted of a 300mm cavity wall with block inner leaf, insulation, cavity and a brick/block outer leaf finished with a plaster render. Over the last seventeen years timber frame construction has shown steady growth. Timber frame construction consists of an off site engineered building which arrives to site and the pieces are assembled to complete the unit. The external finish is similarly to masonry with brick or plaster rendered block. Some industry experts predict that by 2012 it will account for 50% of the new dwelling market. The timber frame industry in Ireland has shown strength and resilience, despite these difficult economic times. When the upturn comes, timber frame construction will be presented with numerous opportunities. (Maurice Buckley, CEO, NSAI National Standards Authority of Ireland.) Reasons for this happening? Energy In Ireland over the last number of years there has been a turn in attitude regarding the environment, which has in some part resulted in changes been implemented by the construction industry with regard to energy conservation. The main topic that has come to the fore on an Irish domestic level is the conservation of fuel and energy consumption. The construction industry has been identified as a considerable part of the national energy bill. Attitudes of developers and homeowner are changing to environmentally friendly buildings. Due to this timber frame construction has seen a steady growth. Timber frame is renewable building option, for every tree cut down two more are planted. The cost of turning the raw product into a building material is conceivably less than traditional methods. Timber is the only sustainable renewable commercially viable building material. The production of concrete produces vast amounts of Carbon Dioxide (C02), which has a negative impact on the environment and contributes significantly to global warming. (Irish Timber Frame Manufacturing Association 2009) Speed As the construction boom grow so did the need for housing and more importantly fast housing. One of the main factors for this turn towards timber frame is speed of construction. The frame of the building can be erected in a number of days which compared to typical masonry building is incredibly faster. This is due to the timber frame been constructed off site in a factory and delivered to site as a planned process of assembly. Masonry on the other hand takes a number of weeks to reach roof level where as timber frame is erected in a number of days. Even in wet weather work can still continue as a scaffolding system is in place around the foundation, where as blocks for masonry construction can only be laid in dry weather. Also with timber frame construction the building is weather proof much faster so internal works can begin much quicker. Also a lot of the slower work for plumbers and electricians such as first fixing is much easily done in a timber frame house. Timber frame has 30% shorter, more predictable construction time than brick and block (UK Timber Frame Association 2009) In masonry construction the use of wet trades in the build causes extra time needed for drying out. Because timber frame is a dry form of construction there is no drying out time which is a saving of a number of weeks. Also because of this there is less lightly a risk of cracking appearing on walls and ceilings for shrinking which can occur in masonry frequently. Time scale for both for of construction Standard Masonry Home Weeks Timber Frame Homes Foundations 1 Foundations Foundations 2 Foundations Bricklayer Ground Floor 3 Erect Timber Frame Structure, Fix Glaze Windows Bricklayer 4 Felt, Battens, Tile Roof Fix Glaze Windows 5 Brickwork First Fix 6 Roof Structure 7 Insulate Felt, Battens. Tile Roof 8 Dry Line First Fix 9 Second Fix Plasterwork 10 Decorate, Move In Plasterwork 11 12 2nd Fix, Plumber, Electrician 13 14 15 16 17 2nd Fix 18 19 Decorate, Move In 20 = Drying out period Taken from (Energy Efficient Homes Ireland 2009) Cost The cost of a timber frame house is similar to masonry built. Unlike masonry, costs of a timber frame build can be fixed long before the foundations are poured. This is due to most timber frame suppliers also fix the structure. So a fix price for a fixed solution. No rain days for wet trades or no additional costs. This ensures that the additional expenses that spiral as a building progress can be eliminated. (Irish Timber Frame Manufacturing Association 2009) The number of persons need to fix the structure is lower than a masonry build, also with regard to time, time is money so the faster the build the cheaper for the developer and homebuilder. Also the hand over time for a complete dwelling is must faster so this will benefit developers cash flow and profitability. Due to the speed of construction on site security cost or greatly reduced. Flexibility of Layout Because timber frames internal walls being construction out of light weigh partition walls the internal space of a timber frame build is very flexible. Any mistakes in layout of internal walls is easily rectified, where as masonry internal wall would be particularly more difficult to correct. Case Studies Introduction To get real reasons for the trend mover towards timber frame construction and to get a true indication of the cost difference in both timber frame and traditional masonry domestic construction the author looked at two key areas, construction costs and life cycle costs. In relation to construction costs the areas of preliminary costs; plant and equipment costs and site labour costs are looked at in greater detail. Construction Costs Preliminary Costs Every construction project incurs preliminary costs. Preliminary costs are defined as, Costs which are directly involved with the overall completion of a construction project ( Roy Chudley 2002) These costs include items such as site management, insurance for the project, drivers and operatives. On larger sites where site cabins, offices, storerooms, toilets and canteens are required the costs incurred are also referred to as preliminary costs. For each project there is an allowance set aside for preliminary costs. However in relation to timber frame construction these costs are included in the overall timber frame package. This is a result of the majority of the work required for timber frame construction being carried out off site, which in turn makes the budget costs a lot cheaper than traditional masonry. Derek Moore a director with Timberline building contractors Ltd Dublin states, by pre-manufacturing the timber frame off-site, houses are constructed more cost effectively. (Pick a Pro 2009) To back up this point the Irish Timber frame manufactures association states this method of construction is not cheaper particularly if the builder hasnt thought his practices through but because factory fabrication means much greater predictability, better controls and of course, a faster pace (Irish Timber Frame Manufacturing Association 2009) This is not the case for its traditional masonry counterpart as preliminary costs are required as a separate budget, this is due to the fact that all of the work required for traditional masonry is carried out on site. A majority of the preliminary budget for the traditional masonry method includes hire of plant and provision for skips and concrete silos on site etc. Another factor to be taken into consideration is the time period taken to construct a timber frame house, which is significantly lower than that of traditional masonry counterpart. Costs such as site supervision and the need for engineers and the like on site are greatly reduced. Plant and Equipment Costs Plant and equipment costs should be taken in to consideration when dealing with construction costs. Every project requires certain types of equipment and plant to carry out work to a conclusion. According to Colm Kilroy a quantity surveyor with Michael Higgins and associates in Galway, plant and equipment costs are a major part of all construction projects, the utilization of such equipment is vital as a lot of money can be wasted due to bad management and planning on site. He continued to say if plant is required on site for a certain job it is vital that the site is ready for that equipment as once it arrives on site it has to be paid for. (Colm Kilroy 2009) The weather can also plays a part in plant and equipment costs, adverse weather conditions can lead to a lot of equipment being left idle while the cost for having it on the site is still being charged. Obviously the weather conditions cannot be controlled by the project team but in periods of forecasted inclement weather the ordering of plant and materials should be avoided if possible. Site Labour Costs This area of site labour costs greatly differs with both methods of construction. A lot of the factors in relation to cost for the timber frame method of construction are all inclusive of the over timber frame package, the majority of the work to be carried out by specialised labour is completed in the factory and once the timber frame unit leaves for the site their work is finished. This in turn reduces any call back costs, to complement this, the Irish timber frame manufactures association states that, There are lower call back costs; any problems encountered can be eliminated immediately by the timber frame specialists before leaving the factory. (Irish Timber Frame Manufacturing Association 2009) The cost for the labour to rectify these problems is still inclusive of the timber frame package. Traditional masonry construction is in comparison carried out differently with all the construction work associated with traditional masonry been carried out on site and with each individual trade requiring labour to carry out the work. Cost Case Study The author compiled a cost comparison from a construction contractors point of view for the development of a timber frame and masonry domestic dwelling. The house plans used to carry out this comparison were based on a single house within a development of five similar houses, only the major elements of the structures were included in the pricing. The figures for the comparison were obtained from Barry Doyle a quantity surveyor with a Co Carlow company and John O Connell a construction contractor in Co Galway. Cost Case Study Findings Element Timber Frame House Masonry House Raft Foundation â‚ ¬ 3,855.50 â‚ ¬ 4,602.60 Supply and erection of timber frame Kit â‚ ¬ 28,114.00 Block work â‚ ¬ 3,680.00 â‚ ¬ 11,460.00 Roof â‚ ¬ 5,382.00 â‚ ¬ 17,535.50 Windows and Doors â‚ ¬ 11,000.00 â‚ ¬ 11,000.00 Plumbing â‚ ¬ 5,780.00 â‚ ¬ 5,780.00 Electrical â‚ ¬ 5,275.50 â‚ ¬ 5,275.50 Insulation â‚ ¬ 3,191.00 â‚ ¬ 1,946.00 Supply fit plasterboard â‚ ¬ 3,210.00 â‚ ¬ 1,821.00 Plastering â‚ ¬ 5,815.00 â‚ ¬7,215.00 Carpentry â‚ ¬ 3,575.25 â‚ ¬ 4,485.00 External Works â‚ ¬ 3,275.50 â‚ ¬ 3,275.50 Floor Screeds â‚ ¬ 954.50 â‚ ¬ 954.50 Kitchen â‚ ¬ 5,500 â‚ ¬ 5,500 Fireplaces â‚ ¬ 2,500 â‚ ¬ 2,500 Total measured work excluding Vat â‚ ¬ 91,108.25 â‚ ¬ 83,350.60 Main Contractors Profit â‚ ¬ 4,555.41 â‚ ¬ 4,167.53 Vat @ 13.5 % â‚ ¬ 12,299.61 â‚ ¬ 11,252.33 Total â‚ ¬ 107,963.27 â‚ ¬ 98,770.46 The timber frame house is more expensive to construct than its masonry counterpart. There is a cost difference of approximately â‚ ¬9,000 between both methods to construct a single house taking the main structural elements in to consideration. For the development consisting of five houses where this house is located the total price difference in the construction of the five houses using both methods of construction can be up to â‚ ¬45,000 to â‚ ¬50,000. The following information shows the reasoning behind the price differences for the important elements of the construction. Timber frame kit This element looks to be very expensive but the majority of materials needed to complete the timber frame house including the labour needed for the construction are included. Concrete raft foundation The price of the raft foundation differs as there is less steel required in the raft for the timber frame house in comparison to the masonry built house, this leads to savings for both the labour and materials. Block work The difference in the price of the block work is due to the inner leaf and the internal walls of the timber frame house been constructed of timber. Roof The timber frame kit incorporates a majority of the roof in the over all package which leads is a massive price difference from the standard roof for the masonry dwelling. Insulation Due to the requirement for more insulation in the timber frame house there is a difference in price over its masonry counterpart. Slabbing As with the insulation due to the amount of timber stud internal partitions and timber inner leaf walls the timber frame dwelling requires more plaster board than the masonry method which increases both the amount of material and labour. Plastering The plastering element differs solely because of the reduced quantity of scratch coat required in the timber frame house. Carpentry The price difference in relation to carpentry is a result of a lot of the timber work coming pre fabricated as part of the timber frame kit, an example being the doors coming pre hung with ironmongery fitted and architrave already attached. Main contractors Profit The main contractors profit has been calculated on the standard percentage being 5%. Life Cycle Costs Introduction Life cycle costs are commonly interpreted as, The operating costs of buildings over the forecast useful life attributed to them (Bruceshaw 2009) These costs include initial capital costs, occupation costs and operating costs. In relation to the building industry and in particular to the traditional masonry and timber frame methods of construction, life cycle costs are essential in deciding which is the overall cost effective method of construction is. In this chapter the author discusses areas such as the running costs and other costs that are involved with both forms of construction. Design Differences and Alterations From an aesthetic point of view timber frame and traditional masonry constructed dwellings when constructed look very similar, however timber frame houses, Allow for more versatile designs than block built houses (Pick a Pro 2009) The question is once the house is constructed how easy is it to carry out modifications to the design. In relation to these alterations Kingspan Century state, Due to the fact the inner leaf of your timber frame house is constructed of solid wood and plasterboard, and not concrete blocks and plaster, extensions and alterations generally have significantly reduced impact on the existing building. (Kingspan Century 2007) To further this statement MBS Timber frame Ltd state, Because the interior of a timber frame house is made of wooden panels and plasterboard, alterations and extensions will not involve the mess and severe disruption of knocking down solid block walls, and all the other trials and tribulations that accompany this type of work. (MBC Timber Frame 2009) Alternatively the block work internal leaf of a masonry house has distinct advantages over is timber frame counterpart. Tasks such as fixing a shelf or curtain rail can be a tricky with the timber frame method, There is no problem doing this in a masonry build home as all the walls are capable of holding shelves, curtain rails etc. it would be a simple matter of drilling the holes in the correct place and screwing your shelf into place (Irish Concrete Federation 2009) In comparison, with a timber frame house, according to John Meehan a carpenter with a Co Galway Company, If you are installing a new kitchen or television unit, you may find that there are no grounds in the wall where you need a fixing. If in this situation if your fixing is put in place without finding a stud, the unit is sure to fall down under pressure. (David Treacy 2009) Property Market and Selling Value Influencing factors in relation to domestic construction include resale value and ease of sale. The traditional masonry constructed process has built up a reputation of been a good seller and a favourite with the Irish public, Galway auctioneer John Gilmore states, Block built houses are easier to sell as people generally go for the trusted method, a lot of people inquiring about timber frame houses are wary and are not easily convinced as to its benefits (Liam Gordon 2009) The view of an Irish timber frame company is that, Auctioneers and estate agents are generally of the opinion that not only is timber frame not an obstacle in selling a home, but on the contrary, is becoming more and more a major selling point. The energy efficiency of timber frame houses is becoming an increasingly valued characteristic. (Kingspan Century 2008) To reiterate this, For mortgage purposes and insurance, most lenders and insurers rank timber frame equally with block work. As far as resale value is concerned, there appears to be no difference at all between the two systems. However some individuals have their own preferences, built up from their own experience or things they have heard about either system. (Homebuilding and Renovating Magazine 2005) Running Costs The timber frame method of domestic construction encounters large savings over its traditional masonry counterpart. These savings result from the timber frame house having an allowance for insulation on both the external and internal walls; this differs considerably from the traditional masonry method where in most cases only the external walls contain insulation. Because timber frame structures are extremely well insulated and have less mass than more traditional forms of construction, significant savings can be made in heating costs. (Homebuilding and Renovating Magazine 2005) A leading Irish timber frame company states, Savings of between 30% and 40% on heating bills are fairly typical. (Devsan Timber Frame Homes 2009) In relation to further savings in the future with timber frame, It is estimated that the heating cost of a timber frame home can be 30% lower than that of a masonry dwelling, and the rapid rise in energy costs these costs look set to increase. Sunday Business Post Newspaper 2007) In conclusion the savings to be made with the timber frame method of domestic construction in relation to heating and energy use are extensive over its masonry counterpart Time of Construction Introduction From a time to construct perspective the length of time it takes to build and finish both forms of construction differs. The construction of a traditional masonry dwelling has a longer time programme than its timber frame counterpart. The main factors contributing to the difference in construction times include. Programme of works The programme of works for both methods has a time difference of approximately seven weeks from foundation stage to decorating and moving in stage. Derek Moore of Timberline building contractors states, In terms of build speed, timber frame can deliver a significant 30% reduction on traditional construction times, which affect cash flow and reduces local disturbance. (Pick a Pro 2009) The view of another Irish timber frame supplier is the construction time of both methods of construction is even larger depending on the building, Construction time is cut by almost 40% as your timber frame structure is erected on site within days depending on size and complexity of building. (Clark Group 2008) Building Finishes During the stage whereby the timber frame unit is erected the internal first fixing work can commence. This work can proceed inside the house as the masonry skin is being built, in comparison no internal work can commence on the masonry house while the block work element is being constructed. The long drying out period associated with traditional masonry construction is also a disadvantage in comparison to the timber frame method. Apart from the obvious labour saving, timber frame doesnt need any drying-out time, unlike a standard masonry construction, which needs up to 1,500 gallons of water to evaporate before it is dry. (Sunday Tribune 2001) To reiterate this a leading Irish timber frame supplier states, Timber frame aids internal finishes, all walls are straight and plumb, corners are square and true. With timber frame there are less of the wet trades, plasterboard needs only to be skimmed and paint, decorative materials and floor coverings can be applied sooner to dried surfaces. (Castle Timber Frame Homes 2009) Heat Loss in Buildings Introduction For the purpose of this dissertation the author compared the U Value of the external walls of both a timber frame and masonry constructed dwelling, the author also decided to obtain the Building Energy Rating (BER) for both methods of construction so as to make an accurate comparison. Both the U Value calculation and the Building Energy Rating are based on the house plans. With the expertise of Michael Sweeney of Sweeney Energy the U Value and BER calculations were compiled and the results are as follows. U-Value Calculation A U-value is the term given to the measure of heat loss through sections of a building. It measures the rate that heat transmits through a component or structure when there is a difference in air temperature at both sides. U Values are expressed in Watts per metre Kelvin which is the rate of heat transfer in watts through 1m2 of the structure for one unit of temperature difference between the air on the two sides of the structure. (Roy Chudley 2002) U-Value Terms The following are terms associated with the calculation of the U-Value. Thermal Conductivity It is the measure of a materials ability to transmit heat and is expressed as the energy flow in watts per square metre of surface area. (Roy Chudley 2002) Thermal Resistance This is symbolized by the letter R, as representative of a materials thermal resistance achieved by dividing its thickness in metres by its thermal conductivity. (Roy Chudley 2002) Findings Traditional Masonry Cavity Wall Fabric Thickness Conductivity Thermal Resistance External Res. 0.04 Render 0.015 0.57 0.03 Ex. Block 0.1 1.33 0.08 Cavity 0.18 60mm Insulation 0.06 0.027 2.22 Internal Block 0.1 0.57 0.18 Plaster 0.015 0.43 0.03 Internal Res. 0.13 2.88 U-value = 0.35 W/m ²K Table Traditional Masonry U-Value Calculation Timber Frame External Wall Fabric Thickness Conductivity Thermal Resistance External Res. 0.04 Render 0.015 0.57 0.03 Ex. Block 0.1 1.33 0.08 Cavity 0.18 Insulation 0.1 0.021 4.76 Plasterboard 0.019 0.25 0.08 Internal Res. 0.13 5.29 Table Timber Frame U-Value Calculation Timber Frame External Wall Cont. Fabric Thickness Conductivity Thermal Resistance External Res. 0.04 Render 0.015 0.57 0.03 Ex. Block 0.1 1.33 0.08 Cavity 0.18 Timber Studs 0.1 0.13 0.77 Plasterboard 0.019 0.25 0.08 Internal Res

John Adams Essays -- essays research papers

John Adams, who became the second president of the United States, has been accused by some historians of being the closest thing America ever had to a dictator or monarch (Onuf, 1993). Such strong accusations should be examined in the context of the era in which Mr. Adams lived and served. A closer examination of the historical events occurring during his vice presidency and his term as president, strongly suggests that Adams was not, in fact, a dictator. Indeed, except for his lack of charisma and political charm, Adams had a very successful political career before joining the new national government. He was, moreover, highly sought after as a public servant during the early formation of the new federal power (Ferling, 1992). Adams was a well educated, seasoned patriot, and experienced diplomat. He was the runner-up in the election in which George Washington was selected the first United States President. According to the electoral-college system of that time, the second candidate with the most electoral votes became the Vice President (Smelser & Gundersen, 1975). As president, Washington appointed, among others, two influential political leaders to his original cabinet; Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton. Jefferson, a veteran politician became the Secretary of State and Hamiliton, a young, outspoken New Yorker lawyer, became the Secretary of the Treasury (Ferling, 1992). Jefferson, like Adams, had also signed the Declaration of Independence. Hamilton, however, was the only cabinet member relatively unknown to Adams (Ferling, 1992). It was Hamilton, nonetheless, who excelled during this new administration by initiating numerous, innovative, and often controversial programs, many of which were quite successful. Adams and Hamilton were both Federalists. Unlike Hamiliton, Adams was more moderate (Smelser & Gundersen, 1975). During this first administration, Adams and Hamilton quarreled (Washington Retires, 1995), and Adams contemptuously began referring to Hamilton as â€Å"his puppyhood† (DeCarolis, 1995). This created a rift in the administration, for Washington generally favored Hamiliton (Smelser & Gundersen, 1975), and disregarded Adams (Ferling, 1992). Hamilton also went to great lengths to drive Jefferson out of the cabinet (Allison, 1966). Jefferson did finally, indeed, resign from the cabinet. The Federalists â€Å"party,† of which Hamiliton w... ...larity in the latter part of his term. It should also be pointed out that though the Sedition Act was anti-democratic in practice, Thomas Jefferson, who defeated Adams, used it against the Federalists in 1803 (People v. Croswell) and indicted a publisher (DeCarolis, 1995). Jefferson was not accused of being a dictator for such non-democratic actions. Adams was neither dictatorial in his conduct, or imperial in his policies. He appeared to have had the interest of the common people at heart. The conflict with France, the high taxes needed to keep the army and navy operating, and the poor legislative faux pas Congress made during period time, all cast a negative reflection on President Adams. This provided his opponents, like Hamilton, Burr, and even Jefferson, with political leverage to use against him, just as politicians and political parties do in our own modern era. If Adams were a dictator, then one must ask would the citizens elect his son to be the future president, twenty-four years later? Or, how his grandson, Charles Francis Adams, became America’s minister to London. Apparently the citizenry remembered President Adams in a positive, democratic way, and not as a dictator.

Controlling Organized Crime Paper Essay

Organized crime is a huge problem in the United States among citizens. One organized crime group is the Mafia who has shown its strength of power and manipulation among citizens and businesses. Since the rise of the Mafia other criminal organizations have appeared using the same power to corrupt individuals within a business for the gain of monetary and political strength. This paper will identify the problems presented and the various relationships established by organized crime, a description of the legal limitations associated with combating organized crime including a critique of major federal laws and strategies that support this effort. Finally, a realistic solution will be provided to control organized crime by evaluating the effectiveness of organized crime prosecutions. Individuals living among society have been tormented by organized crime groups that work pipelines for drugs and weapons (â€Å"Unodc†, 2014). Organized crime causes corruption, threats to society, and issues financially to law-abiding citizens (â€Å"Unodc†, 2014). Every crime may not have victims if both parties are willing to cooperate. Every transaction that organized crime groups complete the public loses. This is a problem for tax-payers. Billions of dollars are lost because of organized crime groups and in the end individuals in society has to pay for it. This causes a strain on the economy. With technology developments organized crime groups receive more efficient communication across the world. These groups increased their communication which results in globalization. The various relationships these organized crime groups establish are with businesses, politics, or law enforcement officials. Organized crime groups go after individuals who are vulnerable and in high positions. Organized crime groups will seek out individuals like politicians, bankers, and law enforcement. Organized crime groups have various relationships with many people to help gain resources to receive  more profits and power. The changes with organized crime groups that have occurred over the years required modifications in police tactics. Law enforcement officials have to be more proactive. Proactive policing helps law enforcement officials discover any trends in criminal activity so strategies can be developed to combat criminal activity that occurs. According to Lyman & Potter (2007) organized crime is an organization that is made up of criminals that operate with legitimate businesses and political entities. Organized crime groups can be compared to operating off of a business like supply and demand. Organized crime groups supply people with things that are illegal such as drugs, prostitution, or money that are at high interest rates and the demands for these things are high because they are illegal in the United States. If drugs were not illegal there would not be a need for criminal organizations because anyone would be able to obtain it. Combating organized crime has its limits because the federal government cannot over step their boundary. Depending on the situation and where transactions are taking place the federal government may have to work with other government officials from other countries. Organized crime doesn’t just take place in the United States. This is a global organization that is all over. Federal government agencies such as the CIA try to gather as much information as possible to identify and assess any connections these organized crime groups may have throughout the country (â€Å"U.S. Department Of Justice†, 2008). The government tries to target any organized crime group that is a significant threat to our government and society (â€Å"U.S. Department Of Justice†, 2008). The CIA also has to work with other agencies like the FBI, customs, and others in case they are ever needed. The government has to come up with strategies to disassemble organized crime groups especially the l eadership by using proactive skills (â€Å"U.S. Department Of Justice†, 2008). According to Lyman & Potter (2007) some theories that can help with the understanding of criminal organizations are the Alien Conspiracy theory which blames outside influences and outsiders for the increase of organized crime in society. Second, the Rational Choice theory is when a person weighs the pros and cons of living a certain lifestyle; in addition they also know what the consequences of their actions are as well. Finally, the deterrence theory is one that believes that punishing a criminal can probably prevent him or her from committing the same crime again. Organized crimes are acts  carried out through the abuse of intimidation, commercial structures, media, the use of violence, or the economy. Criminal organizations work to collect money through illegal activities by instilling fear among society and being corrupted. Organized crime can be linked to many geographical locations across the world creating various relationships. Organized criminal organizations usually estab lish relationships with other groups who have common goals. These organizations link up because of the profits they can receive. Organized crime groups will never go away. Many people may think legalizing things like drugs may help solve the issue, but it won’t. If drugs were legalized organized crime groups violence may increase because they are no longer gaining as much profits like before. This may help law enforcement because they can concentrate on other criminal activities but in the end it will not solve anything. A solution to control organized crime is to have government officials began to review and investigate businesses monthly to ensure documents are in order and business is operating legitimately. If for any reason government officials have enough evidence based of investigating and details gathered that a business may be conducting illegal activity a strategy should be in place to conduct an audit to ensure the business is not involved in any illegal activity. United States government agencies should work more closely with foreign countries because organized crime groups are globalized and continue to conduct business all over the world. If government agencies are more proactive with handling organized crime groups then maybe for the future it can reduce the amount of organized crime groups committing illegal activity. Having effective crime policies will help to eliminate the amount of organized crime groups. It may help to reduce the violence associated with organized crime groups and drug trafficking. This can help minimize the grip organized crime has on society. Reference Lyman, M. D., & Potter, G. W. (2007). Organized Crime, Fourth Edition (4th ed.). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection. UNODC. (2014). Retrieved from http://www.unodc.org/toc/en/crimes/organized-crime.html U.S. Department of Justice. (2008). Retrieved from

buy custom Role of Media in Delivering News to the Public essay

buy custom Role of Media in Delivering News to the Public essay Todays world is heavily influenced by money. Maximizing profits and gains is more often than not considered more important than values and public interest. A local news station is mostly driven by bigger ratings rather than the story that demonstrates good moral judgment. It is the aspiration of every local station to expand nationally and even internationally. The news of the death of a major celebrity is usually viewed by many as captivating and engaging. The intricate details of this kind of news would interest many and so most TV stations would get to the specifics and make it the lead story. This was seen in the case of the death of Michael Jackson who was a major music icon. Such news as the death of a major celebrity cannot be overshadowed by the closing of city parks for three days a week. Therefore, as a News Director I would put the death of the celebritys death as the lead story. This would be the attention grabbing news which would bring in more ratings which translates t o more money. This approach is clearly the more realistic one, since in theory it would be better to headline the news that affects the public most, which in this case would be the park story. This example clearly illustrates that the process of news delivery is not as easy as it seems, it also brings to the fore the issue of the part played by the media in conveying news to the general public. Role of Media in Delivering News to the Public Media has many roles to play in society; the main one being the conveyance of precise and trustworthy news which is not subjective. The pblic largely depends on the media to say the truth on matters that affect them. This means that it is not the role of the media to bring unimportant and exaggerated news to the public. When news is broadcasted instantly or immediately to the audiences, there is the advantage that the public is quickly informed of the crucial issues quickly. This means that things are done based on real time news events. The downside of this is that it develops an impatient culture where people expect things to be done now rather than later. No one would want to wait to receive the latest news from news agencies when they could access it through their cell phones on social media sites or through news feeds on the internet. Every organization is expected to outline its corporate social responsibility and the media is not an exception to this norm. Theoretically the media is supposed to enlighten the public on major issues going on around the world without being biased. This means that they are charged with the responsibility of informing the public of the latest happenings objectively. The media ought to also provide solutions through interviews with experts on social, political, economic and any other matter. The media also has the responsibility of campaigning against social vices, glorifying good behavior and promoting peace in cases of war or unrest. It may seem that the online world has no ethical considerations but in actual sense it does, though most people may not adhere to them. For example intellectual property is treated as real property and the same respect is accorded to them. This meaans that some people refrain from such things as pirating on an ethical basis. There is also a legal aspect in the online world in that there are laws against cyber crime for example, hacking, which could cause serious problems especially for government agencies and financial institutions. If one does not adhere to these considerations, one could face jail time. It is also important to comply with the ethical considerations to ensure that someone elses hard work does not go to waste, especially in the case of intellectual property. There is a myriad of methods to deliver information to audiences in this era, some of which include TV and radio stations, websites, social media such as Facebook, Twitter and Linkedin, flyers, e-mails among others. The more modern ways of information delivery for example social media sites, ensures that even those who do not have time to listen to news through radio or TV can do it using their cell phones. Modern means of information delivery ensure that news from all over the world is accessed and instantly relayed. Conclusion The last century has seen tremendous changes in the media. More modern forms of news delivery have come up including the internet, television and radio which did not exist in the last century. Due to use of the latest technology, more and more people can access news faster and easier. There is also more global news. The more the media is growing, the bigger its responsibility to the public becomes. This means the media ought to painstakingly choose the right news at the right time for its audiences. Buy custom Role of Media in Delivering News to the Public essay

Gustar Conjugation in Spanish, Translation, and Examples

Gustar Conjugation in Spanish, Translation, and Examples The Spanish verb gustar can be translated as to like. This verb may be confusing for Spanish learners because gustar is considered a defective or impersonal verb, so it is often conjugated in the third person only. In addition, it requires a variation in the sentence structure. This article includes gustar conjugations in the indicative mood (present, past, conditional, and future), the subjunctive mood (present and past), the imperative mood, and other verb forms, as well as examples, translations, and explanations of the peculiarities of the verb gustar. Using the Verb Gustar If youre a beginner at Spanish, chances are most of the sentences youve been using as examples follow roughly the same word order as we use in English, with the verb following the subject. But Spanish also frequently places the subject after the verb, and that is usually true with gustar. Here are some examples of gustar in action: Me gusta el coche. (I like the car.)Nos gustan los coches. (We like the cars.)Le gustan los coches. (You/he/she likes the cars.) As you can see, the sentences arent quite what you might expect. Instead of following the form person who likes verb the object liked, they follow the form indirect-object pronoun representing the person who likes verb the object liked (the indirect-object pronouns are me, te, le, nos, os, and les). In these sentences, the object liked is the subject in Spanish. Also, note that the subject of these sentences (the object that is liked) is always accompanied by the definite article (el, la, los, las). If this seems confusing, heres an approach that might help: Instead of thinking of gustar as meaning to like, it is both more accurate and makes more sense in this sentence structure to think of it as meaning to be pleasing. When we say, I like the car, the meaning is much the same as saying, the car is pleasing to me. In plural form, it becomes the cars are pleasing to me, with a plural verb. Note, then, the differences in the common and literal translations below: Me gusta el coche.  (I like the car. Literally, the car is pleasing to me.)Nos gustan los coches. (We like the cars. Literally, the cars are pleasing to us.)Le gustan las camionetas. (You /he/she likes the pickups. Literally, the pickups are pleasing to you/him/her.) When the pronoun le or les is used, as in the third example, the context might not always make clear who is the person doing the liking. In that case, you can add the prepositional phrase a the person liking, as shown below, at the beginning of the sentence (or less commonly at the end of the sentence). Note that the indirect-object pronoun cannot be omitted; the prepositional phrase clarifies the indirect-object pronoun rather than replacing it. A Carlos le gusta el coche. (Carlos likes the car.)A Marà ­a le gustan las camionetas. (Marà ­a likes the pickups.) ¿A ustedes les gusta el coche? (Do you like the car?) Conjugating Gustar Because gustar is nearly always used with subjects in the third person, it is often considered a defective verb. However, it can also be used with other subjects to talk about liking different people. Be careful though, because often the verb gustar, when used with people, denotes a romantic attraction. To talk about simply liking people, a more common expression uses the verb caer bien, as in Marà ­a me cae bien (I like Marà ­a). In the table below, you can see how gustar can be conjugated for each different subject using this romantic meaning. Yo gusto Yo le gusto a mi novio. My boyfriend likes me. / I am pleasing to my boyfriend. Tà º gustas Tà º le gustas a tu esposa. Your wife likes you. / You are pleasing to your wife. Usted/à ©l/ella gusta Ella le gusta a Carlos. Carlos likes her. / She is pleasing to Carlos. Nosotros gustamos Nosotros le gustamos a muchas personas. Many people like us. / We are pleasing to many people. Vosotros gustis Vosotros le gustis a Pedro. Pedro likes you. / You are pleasing to Pedro. Ustedes/ellos/ellas gustan Ellos le gustan a Marta. Marta likes them. / They are pleasing to Marta. Since gustar is frequently used to talk about things being pleasing to people, or people liking things, the tables below show the conjugations of the verb with the liked objects as the subject of the sentence. The verb takes the form of the third person singular if the person likes a singular noun or verb, and the third person plural if the person likes a plural noun. Gustar Present Indicative A mà ­ me gusta(n) Me gusta la comida china. I like Chinese food. A ti tegusta(n) Te gustan las frutas y verduras. You like fruits and vegetables. A usted/à ©l/ella legusta(n) Le gusta bailar salsa. She likes to dance salsa. A nosotros nosgusta(n) Nos gusta el arte moderno. We like modern art. A vosotros osgusta(n) Os gusta caminar por la ciudad. You like walking around the city. A ustedes/ellos/ellas lesgusta(n) Les gustan los colores vivos. They like bright colors. Preterite Indicative The preterite tense is used to talk about completed actions in the past. In the case of gustar, it would be used in the context of seeing or trying something for the first time and liking it, or having liked something only for a certain amount of time. A mà ­ me gustà ³/gustaron Me gustà ³ la comida china. I liked Chinese food. A ti tegustà ³/gustaron Te gustaron las frutas y verduras. You liked fruits and vegetables. A usted/à ©l/ella legustà ³/gustaron Le gustà ³ bailar salsa. She liked to dance salsa. A nosotros nosgustà ³/gustaron Nos gustà ³ el arte moderno. We liked modern art. A vosotros osgustà ³/gustaron Os gustà ³ caminar por la ciudad. You liked walking around the city. A ustedes/ellos/ellas lesgustà ³/gustaron Les gustaron los colores vivos. They liked bright colors. Imperfect Indicative The imperfect tense is used to talk about ongoing or repeated actions in the past. In the case of gustar, it would refer to someone who used to like something, but doesnt anymore. A mà ­ me gustaba(n) Me gustabala comida china. I used to like Chinese food. A ti tegustaba(n) Te gustabanlas frutas y verduras. You used to like fruits and vegetables. A usted/à ©l/ella legustaba(n) Le gustababailar salsa. She used to like to dance salsa. A nosotros nosgustaba(n) Nos gustabael arte moderno. We used to like modern art. A vosotros osgustaba(n) Os gustabacaminar por la ciudad. You used to likewalking around the city. A ustedes/ellos/ellas lesgustaba(n) Les gustaban los colores vivos. Theyused to like bright colors. Future Indicative A mà ­ me gustar(n) Me gustarla comida china. I will like Chinese food. A ti tegustar(n) Te gustarnlas frutas y verduras. You will like fruits and vegetables. A usted/à ©l/ella legustar(n) Le gustarbailar salsa. She will like to dance salsa. A nosotros nosgustar(n) Nos gustarel arte moderno. We will like modern art. A vosotros osgustar(n) Os gustarcaminar por la ciudad. You will likewalking around the city. A ustedes/ellos/ellas lesgustar(n) Les gustarn los colores vivos. Theywill like bright colors. Periphrastic  Future Indicative   A mà ­ me va(n) a gustar Me va a gustar la comida china. I am going to like Chinese food. A ti teva(n) a gustar Te van a gustarlas frutas y verduras. You aregoing to like fruits and vegetables. A usted/à ©l/ella leva(n) a gustar Le va a gustarbailar salsa. She isgoing to like to dance salsa. A nosotros nosva(n) a gustar Nos va a gustarel arte moderno. We aregoing to like modern art. A vosotros osva(n) a gustar Os va a gustarcaminar por la ciudad. You aregoing to likewalking around the city. A ustedes/ellos/ellas lesva(n) a gustar Les van a gustar los colores vivos. Theyaregoing to like bright colors. Present Progressive/Gerund Form The gerund or present participle can be used as an adverb, or to form progressive tenses like the present progressive. Present Progressive ofGustar est(n) gustando A ella le est gustando bailar salsa. She is liking dancing salsa. Past Participle The past participle can be used as an adjective or to form compound verb forms using the auxiliary verb haber, such as the present perfect. Present Perfect of Gustar ha(n) gustado A ella le ha gustado bailar salsa. She has liked dancing salsa. Conditional Indicative The conditional tense is used to talk about possibilities. A mà ­ me gustarà ­a(n) Me gustarà ­ala comida china, pero es muy salada. I would like Chinese food, but it is very salty. A ti tegustarà ­a(n) Te gustarà ­anlas frutas y verduras si fueras ms saludable. You would like fruits and vegetables if you were healthier. A usted/à ©l/ella legustarà ­a(n) Le gustarà ­abailar salsa si hubiera tomado clases. She would like to dance salsa if she had taken lessons. A nosotros nosgustarà ­a(n) Nos gustarà ­ael arte moderno, pero preferimos el arte clsico. We would like modern art, but we prefer classical art. A vosotros osgustarà ­a(n) Os gustarà ­acaminar por la ciudad si no fuera peligroso. You would likewalking around the city if it were not dangerous. A ustedes/ellos/ellas lesgustarà ­a(n) Les gustarà ­an los colores vivos, pero prefieren los colores claros. Theywould like bright colors, but they prefer light colors. Present Subjunctive Que a mà ­ me guste(n) El cocinero espera que me guste la comida china. The cook hopes I like Chinese food. Que a ti te guste(n) Tu madre espera que te gusten las frutas y verduras. Your mother hopes that you like fruits and vegetables. Que a usted/à ©l/ella le guste(n) Su novio espera que a ella le guste bailar salsa. Her boyfriend hopes that she like to dance salsa. Que a nosotros nos guste(n) El artista espera que nos guste el arte moderno. The artist hopes that we like modern art. Que a vosotros os guste(n) La doctora espera que nos guste caminar por la ciudad. The doctor hopes that we like walking around the city. Que a ustedes/ellos/ellas les guste(n) El diseà ±ador espera que a ellas les gusten los colores vivos. The designer hopes that they like bright colors. Imperfect Subjunctive The imperfect subjunctive can be conjugated in two different ways: Option 1 Que a mà ­ me gustara(n) El cocinero esperaba que me gustara la comida china. The cook hoped I like Chinese food. Que a ti te gustara(n) Tu madre esperaba que te gustaran las frutas y verduras. Your mother hoped that you like fruits and vegetables. Que a usted/à ©l/ella le gustara(n) Su novio esperaba que a ella le gustara bailar salsa. Her boyfriend hoped that she like to dance salsa. Que a nosotros nos gustara(n) El artista esperaba que nos gustara el arte moderno. The artist hoped that we like modern art. Que a vosotros os gustara(n) La doctora esperaba que nos gustara caminar por la ciudad. The doctor hoped that we like walking around the city. Que a ustedes/ellos/ellas les gustara(n) El diseà ±ador esperaba que les gustaran los colores vivos. The designer hoped that they like bright colors. Option 2 Que a mà ­ me gustase(n) El cocinero esperaba que me gustase la comida china. The cook hoped I like Chinese food. Que a ti te gustase(n) Tu madre esperaba que te gustasen las frutas y verduras. Your mother hoped that you like fruits and vegetables. Que a usted/à ©l/ella le gustase(n) Su novio esperaba que a ella le gustase bailar salsa. Her boyfriend hoped that she like to dance salsa. Que a nosotros nos gustase(n) El artista esperaba que nos gustase el arte moderno. The artist hoped that we like modern art. Que a vosotros os gustase(n) La doctora esperaba que nos gustase caminar por la ciudad. The doctor hoped that we like walking around the city. Que a ustedes/ellos/ellas les gustase(n) El diseà ±ador esperaba que les gustasen los colores vivos. The designer hoped that they like bright colors. Gustar Imperative The imperative mood is used to give commands or orders. However, remember that gustar is a different verb, where the subject of the sentence is the object that pleases the person. Since you cant command a thing to please someone, the imperative forms of gustar are very rarely used. If you wanted to tell someone to like something, you would say it in a more indirect way using a structure with the subjunctive, such as Quiero que te gusten las frutas (I want you to like fruit) or Exijo que te guste bailar (I demand that you like to dance).

E-Commerce Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

E-Commerce Law - Essay Example g goods or services concluded between a supplier and a consumer under an organized distance sales or service-provision scheme run by the supplier who, for the purpose of the contract, makes exclusive use of one or more means of distance communication up to and including the moment at which the contract is concluded†. Schedule I of the Regulations gives a list of acceptable distance communication methods, these are letters, telephone calls, facsimiles, digital television, mail order, catalogue shopping, advertisements on the television, radio, in newspapers and e – mails. It is important to note that the customer has the right to cancel the order for goods within seven working days of having received the goods and in respect of services within seven working days from the date of contract. This is known as the cooling off period. The purpose of providing this cooling off period is to provide the consumer with sufficient time to examine and decide about the goods or services ordered and this emulates the more conventional method of shopping. The Regulations are inapplicable in respect of distance contracts excluded by regulation 5(1), some of these contracts are those relating to the supply of financial services. There is limited applicability, according to regulation 6, with regard to supply of groceries, contracts which aim to provide accommodation, transport, catering and the like. A comparison of the applicability of the regulations to goods and services will be made in the sequel. First, the supplier is bound to inform the customer as per the provisions contained in regulation 7, regarding the right to cancel the contract and also the main characteristics of the goods or services and the applicable delivery costs. Secondly, in cases where these regulations apply, they provide a cooling off period to the consumers so that they can cancel the contract by informing the supplier of the same. The effect of such a notice is that the contract is deemed to have

Man versus Nature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Man versus Nature - Essay Example On the contrary sometimes it becomes like a foe of man in the form of the grim harshness of the rough oceans, thundering and sometimes deadly lightning, earthquakes, tsunamis, violent blizzard and fatal frozen climate. The nature proves its valour through various such disasters and calamities which in a moment destroy the human existence. Famous English poet, William Blake shows two contradictory forms of nature one is innocent (Lamb) and another is fierce, violent (Tiger) in his collection of poems â€Å"Songs of Innocence,† and â€Å"Song of Experience.† Through it the nature always shows the fragility of human existence. Nature is neutral. It is the man, whose perception is different. While discussing on the topic â€Å"Man v/s Nature,† The theory of naturalism is important to be discussed to understand the relationship between nature and its inhabitants. Key words: Naturalism, nature, man, harmonious, indifferent The Theory of Naturalism: The theory of Natura lism can be defined as a theory in literature which highlights the role of environment upon human characters. The writers between the age of 1880 and 1940 were influenced by the theory of Naturalism. ... The Application of the Naturalism theory in â€Å"Open Boat,† and â€Å"To Build a Fire† The same theory of Naturalism is the base of many writers of the age of 1880 and 1940. Among them were the two major writers, Stephen Crane and Jack London. Their short stories have been taken into consideration for the discussion. The first one is â€Å"Open Boat,† written by Stephen Crane, and another is â€Å"To Build a Fire,† by Jack London. Both of these stories are based on the eternal struggle of man against nature and their partial or complete defeat to fight with against nature. These stories depict man’s fight for survival against extreme adverse conditions of nature. â€Å"The Open Boat† is a true story based on the actual incident happened in the writer’s life when he was travelling to Cuba to work as a newspaper correspondent. He was caught in the fierce ocean and was fighting for life for 30 hours along. He had been accompanied by his three companions. His four characters of this story include the Captain, the oiler, the correspondent, and the cook. These are the human character and one more character appears throughout the story which is non human and abstract, and it is nature. Nature has played the role of an antagonist of this story. It can be described as a revenge story in which the revenge is being taken by nature according to Crane’s point of view. At least the tone of the story expresses the enmity between man and the nature. All of these four men are ceaselessly trying to save their boat from the menace of swamping. The writer wants to indicate that nature has a lack of concern of what is happening with the man and thus behaves like a retaliating antagonist. Indifference of Nature towards Man The birds are sitting comfortably and they